Improvement in gas-machines



3Sheets--Sheet2. A. GLACHE T. Gas-Machine.

Patented Oct. 5,1875.

14071 G/a cfwt Magi mma'ea /6 zw/ MFETERS, FHOTO-LITMOIAPHER,WASHINGTON. D (1 3 Sheets--Sheet 3. A. GLACHET.

Gas-Machine. No. 168,390, Patented 0ct.5,l87'5.

WL'ZWJF/JJ ea K am Q 'rwd/ N-PETERS, FNOTO-LITHOGRAPHER. WASHINGTON. D.C.

A'IENT OFFICE.

ADONIS GLAGHET, OF ALEXANDRIA, VIRGINIA.

IMPROVEMENT IN GAS-MACHINES.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 168,390, dated October5, 1875; application filed September 15, 1875.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, ADoNIs GLAGHET, of Alexandria, in the county ofAlexandria and State of Virginia, have invented a new and usefulImprovement in Gas-Machines; and I do hereby declare that the followingis a full and exact description of the same, reference being had to theaccompanying drawings, and to the letters of reference marked thereon.

This invention consists mainly, first, in the combination of a main andauxiliary stove of special construction 5 second, in providing the stovewith a system of steam-pipes, adapted to discharge into the month of theretort; third, in the peculiar arrangement of a system of relief-pipesand safetyvalves; and, fourth, in the special construction of theretort. It consists, further, in certain details of construction, which,in connection with the foregoing, will be fully described hereinafter.

In the drawings, Figure 1 represents a plan view of my improvedapparatus; Fig. 2, a central sectional elevation of the retort; Fig. 3,a

proportional view of the grate as withdrawn from the stove and sustainedby the supporting-rods; Fig. 4, a sectional elevation of thesafety-valve; Fig. 5, a perspective view of the inside cover; Fig. 6, asectional view of the two stoves; Fig. 7, a side elevation of the frontplate detached; Fig. 7*, a side elevation of the detached back plateFig. 8, a sectional elevation of the last purifying-chamber. Fig. 9,views of the gasometer; and Fig. 10, a side elevation of the entireapparatus.

To enable others skilled in the art to make and use my invention, I willnow proceed to describe fully its construction and manner of operation.

A represents the stove adapted to contain the retorts, which may beconstructed generally of any proper size and suitable shape; but isessentially provided with proper openings for receiving the retorts andsuitable supports for retaining them in proper position.

The stove is preferably made double, with two retorts of similarconstruction,'so arranged that they may be used independently ortogether. V

(t represents the grate, of suitable construction, extending beneath thecoal and supported upon ledges a or any other suitable manner. a arepresent rods provided with rightangled legs a a and hooked ends a,which are adapted to be caught into the sockets a of the stove, andfurnish proper supports for the grate when it is pulled out, asindicated in Fig; 3. 0 represents a quadrangular flange or ribsurrounding the pot-holes upon the top of the stove, which is adapted toform a light joint with the removable oven 0, as shown. D represents themain pipe, communicating with the auxiliary stove, and d a subordinatepipe, which may, if desired, communicate directly with the chimney. E Erepresent the retorts, of similar construction, each of which ispreferably of cylindrical form, as shown, and is provided with atapering discharge-pipe, c, Fig. 2, projecting from the inner end of theretort and from its top side, which is made sufficiently strong tosupport this end of the retort. The front end of the retort is providedwith a bearing-shoulder, c, as shown. F represents a follower forclosing the retort, consisting of a cylinder closed at one end andprovided with a circumferential groove, f, as shown. f represents across-bar, by means of which it is readily removed and inserted inplace. If desired, a handle of any other description may be employed. Grepresents the door, consisting of a cylindrical casting provided withsuitable ears m, by means of which it is loosely attached to the hingesor supports 9, and also with a central threaded rod, 9 as shown. g Figs.2 and 5, represents an inner cover provided with a central disk-likeprojection adapted to project into the follower F, which is providedwith any suitable packing, as shown.

g g represent arms converging to a central ring, g, by means of whichand the disk or cross-piece 9 on the threaded rod g, the cover isloosely connected to .the rod and the door, so as to move with them whenthe door is opened and closed. The various parts employed to close theretorts are accurately finished, so that a tight joint is obtainedwithout difficulty. The threaded rod 9 is provided with a cross-bar, 9adapted to serve as a handle; a square head, g", is adapted to receive awrench; and a square socket, 9 adapted to hold a key, as shown in Fig.5. H

valve, j, Fig. 4, as shown.

represents a system of steam-pipes within'the stove, one end of which isconnected to a reservoir, or any other proper source of watersupply, andthe other caused -to discharge within the circumferential groove of thefollower F, as shown in Fig. 2. If desired, also, a pipe may beconnected with this system for conveying steam or hot water to otherapartments, for heating purposes. It may also be connected with awater-tank of the g'asometer, if a water-tank is employed, for thepurpose of preventing freezing in cold weather. 1 I-represent the pipesleading from the retorts, which unite in a main pipe, i, leading to thepurifier,'whicn pipes are provided with cocks 6 so that either may beused independently of the other, if desired. J J, Fig. 1, representpipes also leading from the retorts,

which unite in a main -pipe leading back into the, stove, which isprovided with a spring- K represents a pipe, the lower end of whichdischarges Within the retort near its top, which is provided near itsupper end with the spheroidal vessel 70, receiver 76 and stop-cocks 7070 as shown. k represents a pipe extending from within the retort, alsonear its top, to the pipe K, above the spheroidalvessel 70, as shown. Lrepresents an auxiliary stove, united by means of the section lto themain stove, as shown. It is provided with afire-box, Z oven 1 and flue 1extending entirely about the oven L, as shown. I Z represent dampersadapted to control the communication with the flue about the oven. Zrepresents a double front plate,

I designed to supersede the single plate in stoves already 1n use.

I represents a back plate, designed to be substituted for back platesnow in use, which is provided with a pipe-flange, adapted to makeconnection with the main stove, as shown. By means of these independentplates stoves now in use may be readily adapted .for use with myimprovedapparatus. M represents the last purifying-chamber, providedwith the entrance-pipe m, having a cover or cap, m held by the spring mas shown. m represents the discharge-pipe; m, a pipe for supplying thechamber with water, and m a cock, located at the water-line, for thepurpose of drawing off 'any gas-tar which may accumulate therein. Nrepresents the gasometer, consisting of a flexible bag or sack,preferably composed of india -rubber, provided with suitable pipeconnections at each end, and having an adjacent protecting case of metaland outer case of wood, as shown in Fig. 5. This is preferably madecylindrical in shape for dwellings, as shown in Fig. 9,but in the formof a parallelopiped for cars, as shown in Fig. 9.

The operation is as follows: Goal havingbeen placed in the retort, theopening is closed bythe snugly-fitting follower and the cover 9 thelatter being screwed to place by the rod 9 after the door G is securedby means of the keys as or, as shown. By this means a very secure jointis obtained, and leakage is almost impossible. For further security,however, a jet of steam is discharged into the circumferential groove ofthe follower, which has a tendency not only to prevent the egress of thegas through the door, but also to force it toward the discharge-pipe.The presence of the steam also hasthe effect of tempering the gas andimproving its quality. The gas having been evolved, it is conveyed bythe pipes described to the purifier and gasometer. If grease is used, itis placed, after being properly melted, in the receiver 70 and allowedto flow into the spheroidal vessel below. The cook 10 being closed, andthe cock in pipe 70 being opened, pressure is admitted from the pipe itabove the grease, and, the cook 70 be- 7 ing opened, it is at onceforced into the retort. If from any cause a stoppage should occur in anyof the main pipes, relief is given by means of the relief -pipes J andsafety-valvej, the spring of which, yielding under excessive pressure,permits the valve to open and the gas to flow into the stove, where itis consumed without producing any injurious result. The gas,

in reaching the last purifying-chamber, is compelled to make an abruptturn, and pass down through the water, by which means it is thoroughlycleansed.

The main stove should be used when it is desired to make gas, at whichtime the auxiliary stove may be employed for cooking purposes by simplyarranging the dampers as represented in Fig. 6, so that the heat'willpass through it.

When it is not desired to make the gas the auxiliary stove is employedfor cooking, and connection is cut off with the main stove, so that theretorts are not exposed to heat, except when in use.

Some of the advantages of the described construction are as follows: Bythe employment of two stoves, as described, the retorts are not exposedto heat when not in use, and when in use no other fire is necessary forcocking purposes. The construction of the retort is advantageous,because a tight joint is readily made by simple means. In consequence ofthe construction described, that part of the retort holding the coal islocated away from the side of the stove, so that it is fully exposed tothe heat, and consequently no coal is left unburned in theends of theretort to give off gas when the door is opened, as occurs when all thecoal is not equally exposed to the action of the heat.

It will be understood that the follower in the retort retains the coalin the proper position to be equally acted on, so that all the gas isevolved beforethe door is opened, so that no smell is perceptible in theroom.

The employment of the steam-jet is advantageous, because it assists inperfecting the joint which closes the retort, and also acts upon thegas, as described. ln addition, also, it protects the follower andcovers from excess ive heat, so that no injury results from excessiveexpansion.

The location of the discharge-pipes of the retort at the upper side ofthe same is advantageous, because it relieves them from danger of beingclogged by the contents of the retort. The shape, also, is such that thegas readily escapes from the retort, and thus relieves it from excessivepressure. It is also adapted in form and by its strength to support theinner end of the retort without other means.

The employment of the safety-valve is advantageous, because all dangerfrom injury from stoppage in the pipes is avoided. The

construction of the rod g is advantageous, be-

cause it may be turned by the hands or by a wrench or key, so thateither the arms may be broken or the turning devices lost withoutentirely impairing its capacity for operation.

The employment of the grate and the supportingrods is advantageous,because a shallow grate may be employed, and it maybe readily withdrawnwhenever it needs attention. The construction of the gasometer is adesirable one. No water is required, and hence there is no danger offreezing. The inner metal case prevents the leakage of gas, and theouter case protects both the inner cases from injury from any cause.

A special advantage also results from the peculiar relation existingbetween the retort and the removable grate. In order to act readily uponthe retort it is essential that the burning fuel shall be in closecontact therewith, and hence, in consequence of its close position, itcannot be revolved, but must be withdrawn. By means of the constructiondescribed the retort is directly exposed to'the heat, and the grate maybe readily withdrawn, when necessary, to remove the coal or for otherpurposes.

Having now fully described my invention, what I claim as new, and desireto secure by Letters Patent, is-

2. The main stove, provided with its system of steam-pipes discharginginto the groove of the retort.

3. The combination of the retort, the reliefpipe, and safety-valve withthe fire-chamber, the relief-pipe being adapted to discharge into thefire-chamber when the valve is operated, as described.

4. The combination of two or more retorts with independent relief -pipeswith a main pipe and single safety-valve, substantially as described.

5. The combination of the retort, provided with a bearing-shoulder,located at a distance from the end of the retort, with a cylindricalfollower having a solid end, adapted to slide in the mouth of the retortand bear against the shoulder, as described.

6. The combination of the retort, the follower, the cover, and the door,as described.

7. The combination of the cover, provided with the rods 9 ring g, thethreaded and disked rod 9 and door G, as described.

8. The combination of the cylindrical door, the loose hinges andfastening-keys, as described.

9. The entrance-pipe m of the purifier, cap m and spring 011?, incombination with the guide-rods, as shown.

10. The gasometer, consisting of a flexible bag, an intermediate metalinclosing-case, and an external protecting-case of wood, as described.

11. The threaded rod g provided with the cross-bar, the square head forreceiving a wrench, and square socket for holding a key, as described.

This specification signed and witnessed this 15th day of September,1875.

ADONIS GLAGHET.

Witnesses G. A. BRAINERD, H. W. BEADLE.

